Mixing attachment for internal-combustion engines.



J. IL LYa MIXING ATTACHMENT POE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION mum NOV.11.1907;

933098 T Patented Sept.'?,1909.

I 4 SHEETS-SHEET L alto'rmm a J; ILLY. MIXING ATTACHMENT EOE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 11, 19.07.

w m A n H H m w h N \w H $55 9 0 3 3 Witnmoeo J. ILLY. MIXING ATTACHMENT POE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' j APPLICATION FILED HOV 11.1907. 7 7 933,709. Patented Sept. 7, 1909.

/1 55 f 6 1 39 d I I O O 3 O I 2 1 0 I| 46 q J .2 2

5 5 Z6 fl 53' 27 '17 247 N 20 I i I 19 v 11 11 B w 1' 4i v25 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. ILLY. MIXING ATTACHMENT FOB INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION PILED NOV. 11. 1907.

a w w I n m a M mm H 8 L- O i. 4 9 1 1 m J Mm 9 m u 9 wJ Chautauqua and State of New York, have -1nvented a new and useful Mixing Attachparts in the several views.

UNITED STATES PA TENT OFFICE. I

JOHN ILLY, or JAMES'TOWN, NEW fonx.

Specification of Letters Patent.

MIXING ATTACHMENT FOR IN TEEN AL-COMQUSTION ENGINES.

Patented Sept. 7, 1909.-

Original application filedllay 10, 1907, Serial No. 372,869. Divided and this application filed November 11,-

1907. Serial To all whom it 1mg concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN ILLY, a citizen" of the Republic of Switzerland, and resident of the city of Jamestown, in the county "of ment for Internal-Combastion Engines, of which the following, taken in connectionwith the accon'lpanying drawings, is/a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to improvements in attachments for internal combustio I engines, and is a part of my invention, as ghown in my application for Letters Patent in tne Unit-ed States, Serial Number 372,869, filed May 10, 1907.

The object of the present construction is to provide means to conserve the lt-ufgest possible amount of heat produced internal combustion under pressure with t e smallest amount of loss of heat by radiation; also to use the heat from either gaseous or liquid air, inert gas or water, by bringing them directly into contact, and tin reby to decrease the initial temperature in any degree desired by mixing. the heated gas or products of combustion with the expanding medium. I attain these objects by means of a special aparatus variously called a mixer. receiver, iieater, or vaporizer, according to the different purposes for which it is used, that is, to receive the gaseous product of combustion and heat therein contained. as produced in a special heat generator and the added cooling medium to said gaseous product in said heat generator, and also to mix said gaseous product of combustion with a medium injected into the mixer to be heatedv or vaporized therein. Usually the heat of the gaseousroducts of combustion will expand the inected medium thereby reducing the hammer ature of the products of combustion and producing -a controllable and workable motive fluid.

Inthe drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view .of the heat generator and a mixer having twochambers; and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of said mixer. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a heat generator and a mixer arranged with three chambers; and Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the same.

' Similar numerals refer to corresponding heater or 13 and crank 14 to co drive shaft 15-from turbine C in order to drive said piston. end of cylinder 10 slidably mounted said cylinder. valve for closing inlet is formed by tween cylinder 10 B. Generator A fuel to expand a second medium such as is preferably arranged as shown and described in my former specification, Serial Number 372,869, though other forms of heat generators might be used with my mixer or vaporizer B and not depart from my invention. The part B is variously called a mixer, receiver, heater, or vaporizer according as it is used for various purposes; these consist first of the receiving and mixing of the product of combustion and steam from the explosion chamber the heat generator of injected water, non-combustible fluids such as air or inert them into direct contact' with the heat from the explosion chamber in the heat generator all these elements of the temperature desired. the mixer B is constructed in with a large heating surface bv means of heated air, gaseous gas the compressor or vapori zer. The letter C indicates the turbine which The letter B indicates the 'mixer, receiver,

is shown with the outer'end broken away.

The heat generator A consists of a double walled cylinder indicated by the numeral 10, which double walls provide a space 11 therebetween for air or water cooling said cylinder.

Thennmeral 12 indicates a piston workingwithin cylinder 10 and having-a piston rod nnect it with the main Piston 12 works in .one and a valve piston 16 is in the opposite end of Piston 16 acts as an ingress port or opening 17, which a tubular connection beand chamber 18 of mixer with its valves and pistons A; second, the vaporizin and third, the heating of to get a' uniform mixture Accordingly projecting and interlappi'ng partitions and preferably with i with spring valvular which the heated air, themselves, and at the from their usable motive fluid. this intern'iixing chambers, a mixer .with two chambers a plurality of chambers connection through gases and vapor fun-c thereby thoroughly intermixing same time coming under control In order to accomplish through a plurality of is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and in F igs; 3 and 4 with its interior superheated state so as to form a .three chambers,

bers of the mixer.

- co lpli'dated structure.

since" adaptations in the form of. the chambers and the placing of the valves are necessitated by added chambers.

It will be recognized, however, that the principleand purpose are the same in the more 1 he.various chambers of the mixer B are constructed by means of an outer casing 19,

Which is cylindricalon its outer side and the shaft 15 is concentric of the various chaml e outer casing 1!.) may be made insuitablc parts and bolted ,together, and a dividin partition 20 for a two chamber mi'xcr thereby forming the chambers 18 and 21. As above statedthe heat and gaseous product of combustion from the-explosion chamber enter chamber 18. Accordingly it is provided with a large heating surface, preferably by means of inter-lapping partitions 22. Partitions 22 are cylindrical, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and extend out alternately from the opposite walls. The number ofpartitions 22 is in accordance with the heating surface desired, and the space required to give the proper mixture of the products of. combustion and the injected cooling medium, airor water, the necessary equality of'tempcrature. The inter-lapping partitions 22 break up the hot products of .30'

combustion and mechanically mix them with the coolmgmediuin. =1 Chambers or cavit1es j'l8 and 2 are con? neeted by means of valves 23 which extend through chamber 211 to valve seats 24 in the (lividmgwall or partition 20. Valves 23 are pressed upon seats 24 partly by means of springs25 and partly by the liuid pressure of the heated mixture within the chamber 21, which fluid pressure is usually less in chamber 21 than the fluid pressure in chamber 18 so that the valves ,23 are usually open,

' though the fluid pressure in chamber 21 may at times equal the pressure in chamber 18 at which times the valve 23 will be closed by the predominance of the spring pressure over the fluid pressure.

Springs 2:) are placed in suitable-yokes 27 which are distributed over the end of the mixer, as shown in Fig. 2.

The pressure of springs 25 is adjusted by means of nuts 26. Chamber 21 is preferably provided with a centrally placed outlet or egress 28 to the Jindrical egress valve .valve 29. is-eontrolled b turbine C, which outlet is nozzle-shaped, that is, it contracts toward thcflturbine. puma-284s controlled by means of the cy-' 29 slidably mounted 30. The cylindrical a overnor 31 which .is mounted on the turbine s aft 15. -Accord- 'ing to the speed of the turbine shaft 15 the ,upon the turbine drum "governor 31 b its centrifugal force, will by moving cy indrical. valve 29 back and --forth increase or decrease the area of opening 28 and according as agreatcr or less amount 5 of the motive fluid is required by the turbine.

' which piston lowered by The outflow of the mixedmotive fluid from chamber 21 reduces the pressure within said chamber and the heated mixture in chamber 18 presses through valves 23 whenever the force of the mixture in chamber 18 is able to overcome the resistingpressure on valves As soon as theprbssure rises in chamher 21 by this inllow from chamber 18, valves 23 will be closed.

be a. constant opening and closing of valves 23 and leakage of the mixture through'sa id valves.

In order further to control orcqualize the variation of pressure in chamber 21 arising from the flow through the large outlet valve area 28 a piston 32 is provided in a suitable opening 33 will be raised in proportion to of pressure in chamber 21, and a spr'mg il in proportion to the decrease of pressure. A bell crank 35 is pivotally supported on a fixed arm 36 onthe the in crease casing, ai'nldias one arm pivotally attached to the upper end of the stem of the piston 32; and its other arm is pivotally attached Hence there will in the casing of chamber 21,

to a link 37 which is connected to the fuel admitting valve for the heat generator A, so that the oscillation of hell crank 35 due to the variation. 0% pressure in chamber 21 will control the amount of fuel admitted to the heat generator. It is apparent that the desired degree of heat may thus be attained and continuously produced. Linlr37 is also pivotally attached tolever 38 which turns valve 39 in air supply pipe 40 and the motion of link 37 wi thus control the amount of coolingmedium admitted to chamber 18. Air supply pipe 40 is continued-by ipe 41 to cham er 21 .and has valve 42 so t at the air can be supplied as a cooling medium to chamber 21 should the temperature of the mixture become too hi h. It is desired, however, that the first c hamber' 18shall be the main receiving chamber for the gaseous products of combustion -a'nd the cooling medium as the highest temperature exits in chamber 18- as it receives the products of combustion direct from the explosion c'hamber of heat generator and a rapid decrease i for the-injection of water ;as follows: a

which the mixer is co'mneedle valve 43 is provided in the casing of chamber 18 and. controls the opening between chambcr 44 and chamber 18. Chamber 44 is filled with waterby means of pipe 45, the-water being under" ressure reater than that existingin cham er -18. eedle valve .43 ispressed upon its seat by spring 46. The upper end of the stem of the needle valve 43 is attached to one arm of the bell crank 47.

on a fixed arm 48 onthe casing. arm of crank 47 is pivotally' attached to link 49, which link is connected to the injector of the cooling medium, preferably air or water, in the heat generate: A which injector is fully described in my former application, Serial N um er 372,869. As therein described, the injector of the cooling medium in the heat generator A is actuated by the explosion pressure in the explosion chamber and this pressure is transferred by link 49 and bellcrank 47 to needle valve 43.. It is apparent that the intensity of the explosion cause speed variation in the turbine.

tral cham pressure in the heat generator will control the size of the opening in the seat ofvalve 43 by controlling the distance which the needle valve is raised from the valve seat; and in consequence a lesser or greater quantity of the cooling medium, such as Wan-r, will pass into chamber 18 where it will be'raporized by the absorption of heat from the gaseous products of combustion. Thus a uni orm mixture ofthe gaseous products, air and steam at a certain tempcr'ature and pressureinay be -maintained in the mixing chambers.

-Instead of air or water as a cooling medium, an inert gas may be injected into the gaseous products of combustion in chamber 18; or amixture of Water and -air,- or of water and inert gas, a'ndthe amount of any of these fluids injected as an energy carrier will be so re ulated as to be in proportion-to the excess of the heat produced by each explosion, which, if continued, would bring the products of combustion to'an overheated state, thereby resulting in a temperature injurious to the structural material of the mixer chambers.

It is apparent that outlet 28 could be arranged from chamber 18 direct into the turbine C and not depart from my invention. It is found, however, that where one chamber contains the direct inlet from the heat generator and outlet to the turbine, the pressure of the mlxtureof gases fromthe heat genera-tor will be transmitted to theoutflowing mixture to the turbine blades 50 andIwill t is also found that the morechambers provided 1n the mixer the better the. equalization of the pressure and heat before outflow, and a conse uent uniformity of movement. is obtained in the turbine. Accordingly the type shown in Fig. 3, a central chamber 51- is pr vided between the two chambers 18 and 21; and it is apparen't'that' any number of"cen-' bers may thus be arranged for. This arrangement avoids passing the valve stem throughadjacent chambers and diminishes the cost "of construction. Additional upp y P P also be provided for each .the

the cooling medium may chamber. The mixer may also be inclosed or covered by an good non-conducting material so that all the heat will be conserved.

Broadly stated, therefore, the object of the heat generator A and mixer B is to provide means for raising large quantities of air, gas or yapor to a high temperature with-.

than atmospheric shortest possible time. The introduction of water would act as a reinforcement for the air, when tlu air would not be suflicient to cool the heated gases caused by the low rateof absorbing \Vhen the mixer is filled with a motive fluid produced by an internal combustion engine, it is apparent that the series-of explosions would raisethepressure of the mothrough. the openings. WVhile the degree of fluid pressure within the mixer is augmented lbs or decreased by the number of explosions in generator, the action of the valves 23 is independent of said explosion and the restraining force ofthe pressure of the plurality of valves acts as a constant means of .con-

trol for the flow of the fluid through the passages or openings in the valve seats and thereby maintains a constant velocity for said motive fluid. claim as new j v l. The combination of a generator for the hot products of combustion, a mixer for said hot products of combustion comprising a casing arranged to form a series of chambers to receive said hot products of'combustion, partitions between said chambers having openings therein, spring valves to control said 0 enings and operable by the pressure of sai hot products of'combustion, and an ingress valve from c ress valve from cl iambers.

'2. In combination with .a heat generator,

said generator and an the last of said mixer sure controlling devices in said passages to maintain a constant velocity for said fluid.

3. The combination with a generator for the hot products of combustion by explosion, of a mixer having a plurality of chambers to receive said hot products from said generator, the walls between said chambers having a plurality of connective passages in one plane, and a corresponding plurality of controlling devices in said passages operable by saidhot products of combustion.

4:. In combination with means for generating the hot products of combustion, a re-- ceiver for said products of combustion, said receiver having a series of mixing chambers,

automatic valvular connection between said chambers, and a centrally placed nozzleshaped outlet from the last chamber of said series to collect the mixed fluids.

5. In combination With a heat generator, a mixer having a plurality of chambers to re? ceive the products of combustion and other fluids from said generator, a' plurality of spring valves connecting said chambers, and a central valve contro led outlet from the last chamber of said mixer.

6. A mixer consisting of 'a' casing containing a plurality of chambers side by side to receive fluid under pressure and arranged concentrically around a shaft, connecting passages between said chambers, and ingress to and egress fromf-iaid mixer for said fluid. 7. A mixer consisting of a'casing arranged concentrically around a shaft and having alternating partitions therein concentric of said shaft, ,an ingress port near the outer portion of said mixer, and an egress port near the center of said mixer.

8. In combination with a generator for the heated products of combustion by explosion, a receiver for said products of combustion and other fluids'having a series of V valve-controlled mixing cavltles there1n,.a

suitable outlet from said receiver, and means actuated by said explosion for automatically introducing an expandible'and cooling medium to equalize the pressure in said rcceiver.

9. In combination with a generator for the hot products of combustion by explosion, a receiver for said products of combustion and other fluids from said generato1,a chamber on said receiver for an expandible fluid medium, and valvular connection between said fluid chamber and said receiver automatically actuated by said explosion to introduce said medium directly into said receiver.

10. In combination with a generator A. having an explosion chamber to produce the heated products of combustion, a receiver B for said products of combustion having the mixing chambers 18 and 21 therein, said receiver having a chamber i l thereon and connected thereto by a suitable valve seat opening, a valve 43 resiliently mountcdin said opening, a bell crank 47 and connecting rods to said explosion chamber to actuate said valve by the explosion in said chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

11. In combination with a generator A. having an explosion chamber to give the hot products of combustion, a receiver B for said products of combustion having chambers 18 and 21 therein, an ingress openin Y 17 having a valve 16 automatically control ed by said explosion, a partition between said chambers having connective openings 24C and spring valves 23 in said open1ngs,a shaft 15 through the center of said receiver, the casing of said mixer having a valve seat opening 28 around said shaft, and a valve 29 on said shaft'to fit JOHN ILLY.

Witnesses: I

A. W. KETTLE, J. A. Enswon'rrr. 

